LZJ-4S Fully Automatic Geotechnical Microcomputer-Controlled Four-Shear Direct Shear Apparatus
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Description
Product Introduction
The LZJ-4S fully automatic geotechnical microcomputer-controlled four‑specimen direct shear apparatus is primarily used to determine the shear strength of soils. Typically, four soil specimens are tested under different vertical confining pressures—options include 400 kPa, 200 kPa, 100 kPa, and 50 kPa; for soft soils, 25 kPa and 12.5 kPa may also be selected. A horizontal shear force is applied to induce failure, from which the shear stress at failure is obtained. The soil’s shear strength parameters—internal friction angle and cohesion—are then determined in accordance with Coulomb’s law.
Product Performance:
The LZJ-4S fully automatic geotechnical microcomputer‑controlled four‑specimen direct shear apparatus features a color 7‑inch touchscreen, a digital microcontroller, a B‑loop control system, pneumatic loading for vertical pressure, and an S‑type sensor for measuring shear stress. When connected to a computer, it can automatically perform the entire data acquisition process, record peak values, generate graphs, and produce test result reports. Upon completion of the test, it automatically unloads the specimen and rapidly returns the mechanism to its home position. With simple operation and highly accurate data collection, the instrument can independently carry out the entire test sequence. The direct shear test—covering pre‑loading, shearing, and unloading—is fully automated, and the system provides real‑time, continuous monitoring and recording of both test data and the testing procedure, ensuring standardized, procedural workflows and reliable results. Test outcomes are generated automatically.
Applicable Standards
1. SL237 “Geotechnical Testing Code”
2. JTG E40 “Code for Geotechnical Testing of Highway Engineering”
3. TB 10102 “Code for Geotechnical Testing of Railway Engineering”
4. GB/T 50123 “Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods”
Technical Specifications
| Project | Detailed specifications |
| Control system | Color 7-inch touchscreen + microcontroller + B-ring control system |
| Pneumatic loading vertical pressure | Pneumatic loading vertical pressure: 0–400 kPa, accuracy: 1% F·S (for special tests, optional pressure ranges of 0–600 kPa and 0–800 kPa are available). |
| Shear stress | Shear stress: 0–1200 N, accuracy: 1% F·S; shear stress is measured by four S-type sensors. (For special tests, pressure ranges of 0–2000 N and 0–5000 N are available as options; for soft-soil testing, pressure ranges of 0–400 N and 0–600 N can be selected.) |
| Specimen specifications | Area: 30 cm²; Soil sample dimensions: Φ61.8 × 20 mm |
| Number of cut boxes | 4 pieces |
| Shear rate | 0.001–4.500 mm/min |
| Test method | Basic tests: quick shear, consolidated quick shear, consolidated slow shear, and cyclic shear (repeated shear, residual shear) |
Test procedure:
The startup screen is shown in (Figure 1). Click.
During initial instrument setup, first ensure that all contact points are properly aligned, adjust the displacement, install the soil sample, and after clicking “Pressurize,” remove the pin, among other procedures.
1. On the computer software interface, set parameters such as the test number and soil sample ID, select the test method, and specify the applied load, shear rate, and displacement.
2. Click “Direct Shear Test” in the computer software to start the test. The equipment will begin applying pressure according to the set load, and once pressurization is complete, it will initiate shearing at the specified rate.
3. The computer software displays shear displacement and the shear force of each soil sample in real time; once the preset shear displacement is reached, the equipment automatically releases the applied load and returns to its mechanical origin.
Main structure of the instrument:
1. The instrument requires an external air supply for loading; no air pump or computer is included upon shipment, and these must be purchased separately by the user if needed.
2. Electrical Control Box: Primarily supplies power and houses a computer control system, a stepper motor drive unit, and a single illuminated power switch.
3. The instrument employs pneumatic pressure to apply the vertical load, and the lower support utilizes a universal bearing; under loading, any lateral misalignment of the beam will not affect the measured force.
4. Top support: Used to bear horizontal shear forces and to adjust the position of the S-type sensor, ensuring that the sensor is in contact with the container’s fulcrum.
5. Locking nut: Used to secure the relative position between the head and the support. When adjusting, loosen the locking nut; after setting the head in the desired position, tighten the locking nut.
6. S-type sensor: used to measure horizontal shear force.
7. Upper Plunger: When applying vertical pressure to the soil sample, align the upper plunger with the pressure-transmitting plate and adjust the upper plunger screw.
8. Shear Box: Used to hold shear specimens, it consists of upper and lower shear boxes, a sliding frame, a pressure-transmitting plate, permeable stones, and other components. The specimen has an area of 30 cm² and a height of 2 cm. Beneath the sliding frame, on the baseplate’s guide rails, two rows of Φ10 mm steel balls are arranged, with ball cages to prevent them from rolling freely in any direction.
9. Push‑rod pin: Used to control the operating state of the push rod. Note: During testing, the pin must be fully inserted; it is pre‑adjusted at the factory and generally does not require further adjustment.
10. Cylinder components: Designed to handle vertical loads, ensuring stable and reliable performance.
11. Limit switch: Used to prevent unintended operation of the instrument; contact with the limit switch will automatically stop the machine. Each unit is equipped with a limit switch only on the first module. Therefore, when operating a single module, it must be connected to another module that includes a limit switch. A faulty limit switch may result in malfunction.
12. Specimen holder: Used for reciprocating shear testing of specimens. 9. Maintenance and Precautions
1. When using a fully automatic direct shear apparatus, a reliable grounding system must be in place.
2. After use, the shear box and rolling steel balls should be thoroughly wiped clean, and a dust cover should be placed over them when not in use.
3. The S-type sensor is calibrated at the factory and may be verified periodically (approximately annually) or as needed based on operating conditions.
LZJ-4S Fully Automatic Geotechnical Microcomputer-Controlled Four-Shear Apparatus
| Serial number | Name | Quantity | Note |
| 1 | LZJ-4S Fully Automatic Microcomputer-Controlled Four-Shear Direct Shear Apparatus | 1 unit | Host |
| 2 | Color 7-inch touchscreen digital microcontroller controller | 1 unit | The host has been installed. |
| 3 | Data Acquisition Unit (4-Channel Interface) | Group 1 | The host has been installed. |
| 4 | S-type sensor | 4 sets | The host has been installed. |
| 5 | S-type sensor pressure calibration rod | 1 piece | Stored inside the host (with the back cover open) |
| 6 | Cutting box | 4 sets | The host has been installed. |
| 7 | Cutting box steel ball guide rail | 8 roots | The host has been installed. |
| 8 | Stainless steel ring cutter (φ61.8×20mm) | 4 pieces | Stored inside the host (with the back cover open) |
| 9 | Permeable stone (φ61.8×10mm) | 8 pieces | Stored inside the host (with the back cover open) |
| 10 | Watch stem, watch clasp | 4 sets | Stored inside the host (with the back cover open) |
| 11 | Instruction manual, certificate of conformity | 1 serving | Stored inside the host (with the back cover open) |
| 12 | Brand-name computer | 1 set | Optional equipment |
| 13 | Air pump | 1 unit | Optional equipment |
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